The Life of Bass Reeves: Legendary Lawman

In 1838, in Crawford County, Arkansas, Bass Reeves, a legendary figure of the American West, was born. He's said to have inspired "The Lone Ranger" and was among the first black deputy marshals in the United States. Known for capturing over three thousand lawbreakers, including his own son, Reeves became the iconic image of an Old West lawman. Standing at 6 feet 2 inches, weighing 180 pounds, with a handlebar mustache and polished boots, Reeves was always seen with his large hat and two pistols. Skilled with both hands, he rarely missed a shot. Beyond his sharpshooting, he was known for his courtesy, honesty, love for animals, and deep respect for the law. Reeves believed, "Maybe the law isn’t perfect, but it's the only one we got, and without it, we got nothing."

Bass Reeves (furthest on the left), 1907

The Early Years of Bass Reeves

Bass Reeves got his first name from his grandfather and his last name from Colonel George R. Reeves, a slave owner and Speaker of the Texas House legislature. Growing up as a field hand on the Reeves plantation, he experienced the Civil War alongside Colonel Reeves. Reeves demonstrated exceptional skills in riding and handling firearms, but eventually deserted and found refuge in what is now Oklahoma.

In Oklahoma, Reeves connected with various Native American tribes, learning their languages, customs, and tracking skills. After the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, he bought land in Arkansas, became a farmer and rancher, and guided federal deputies through the territory. Though tribal courts governed the area, Reeves knew it like the back of his hand.

A Legendary Deputy

Bass Reeves (furthest on the left), 1907

In 1875, Judge Isaac C. Parker, known as the "Hanging Judge," took over the Fort Smith federal court. James Fagan, appointed by Parker, made Reeves a deputy. Reeves, unable to read or write, memorized warrants and rode an 800-mile circuit between forts, bringing in outlaws for various crimes. His legendary status grew, capturing notorious criminals like Bob Dozier and even convincing Belle Starr to surrender.

One tale recounts Reeves disguising himself as a tramp to apprehend two outlaws, marching them 28 miles to his posse. In 1887, he faced charges but was acquitted by Judge Parker, stating he only shot when necessary. Personal hardships included the loss of his wife in 1896 and a challenging manhunt for his son Bennie in 1902.

The Legacy of Bass Reeves

Bass Reeves, circa 1902

Reeves served as the sole deputy from the start of Parker's court until Oklahoma statehood in 1907. Due to racial restrictions, he couldn't continue as a deputy marshal. At 69, he became a police officer, serving for two more years until his death on January 12, 1910. Despite his fearless dedication, Reeves' grave remains unknown.

While rumors once faded his legacy, recent years have seen a resurgence. In 2012, a bronze statue of Reeves was dedicated in Fort Smith, Arkansas, and a TV series, "Lawmen: Bass Reeves," is set to premiere in late 2023, ensuring his place in history.